Introductions, seals, consultation and approval play different roles at work.
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Meishi exchange is one way to introduce names, affiliations and contact information in a business setting. A paper card, a holder and a spoken introduction work together, while the sequence varies with the meeting and its participants.
An internal procedure that circulates a written proposal for review and an authorised decision; its route and authority vary by organisation.
In organizational or political settings, nemawashi means informal groundwork with the people concerned before formal negotiations or meetings. It can help develop a workable proposal, while also raising questions about transparency and whose views are heard.
Shūshoku katsudō, often shortened to shūkatsu, means looking and applying for work. Recruiting students before graduation is one important Japanese setting. Open applications, school recommendations and occupation-specific selection coexist.
Shinsotsu ikkatsu saiyō is the practice of recruiting a cohort of new graduates within a concentrated period, commonly linking March graduation with April entry. Company practice, government requests and actual hiring dates are distinct.
A seniority system links pay and internal advancement to age and length of service with an employer. In Japanese employment history, these factors can work alongside skill grades, job responsibilities and appraisal.
